*Students should refer to their Course Outline/Syllabus and talk to their instructor because courses will differ in terms of what uses are permitted or not permitted, as well as how to acknowledge AI tools. Please note these initial guidelines may change.
A conversation with an Indigenous Elder or Knowledge Keeper is also considered to be a personal communication, but follows different rules. If you have spoken with an Indigenous Elder or Knowledge Keeper, provide an in-text citation with as much detail as possible to describe and contextualize the information you are citing, including their full name, nation or Indigenous group, location and any other relevant information followed by "personal communication" and the date or date range when the correspondence took place:
| Example: Cardinal, Delores. Goodfish Lake Cree Nation. Treaty 6. Lives in Edmonton. Oral teaching. 4 April 2004. |
| Elements: Last name, First name. Nation/Community. Treaty Territory if applicable. City/Community they live in if applicable. Topic/subject of communication if applicable. Date Month Year. |
Note: MacEwan Library recommends that Elders and Knowledge Keepers be cited in-text and in the Works Cited. The Library follows the Templates for Citing Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers as developed by Lorisia MacLeod (2021).
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